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adaptation_to_climate_change [2013/02/25 15:42] – [Methods] mkopp | adaptation_to_climate_change [2019/03/21 09:21] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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====== Review on genetic vs. plastic adaptation to climate change ====== | ====== Review on genetic vs. plastic adaptation to climate change ====== | ||
- | [[Snippets]] | + | * [[Snippets]] |
+ | * [[Topics and papers to include]] | ||
===== Possible structure (potentially as list of questions) ===== | ===== Possible structure (potentially as list of questions) ===== | ||
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* Suggest measures and scalings | * Suggest measures and scalings | ||
* **What theory cannot do** | * **What theory cannot do** | ||
- | * Predict the ratio of genetic vs. genetic | + | * Predict the ratio of genetic vs. plastic |
* Make exact quantitative predictions | * Make exact quantitative predictions | ||
* **Scope of this paper** | * **Scope of this paper** | ||
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* stochastic fluctuations | * stochastic fluctuations | ||
* increased variability | * increased variability | ||
+ | * range shifts???? | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
== What is the genetic basis of adaptation? == | == What is the genetic basis of adaptation? == | ||
- | | + | |
- | * Small or large mutation | + | * Small or large mutation |
+ | * How does the genetic basis affect adaptation? | ||
+ | (Difficult to discuss details here; maybe just use as announcement, | ||
+ | == Basic models == | ||
+ | * Sudden change, quantitative genetic | ||
+ | * Sudden change, major locus | ||
+ | * linearly moving optimum, quantitative genetic | ||
+ | * linearly moving optimum, major locus | ||
== Univariate models == | == Univariate models == | ||
* **Rate of adaptation** | * **Rate of adaptation** | ||
+ | * From new mutations: fixation probability (Haldane, Kimura, Gomulkiewicz and Kirkpatrick, | ||
* From standing variation (quantitative genetic models): Lande' | * From standing variation (quantitative genetic models): Lande' | ||
- | * Additive genetic variance (under mutation-selection balance and during evolution) | + | * Additive genetic variance (under mutation-selection balance and during evolution); when will additive variance be exhausted? |
* Selection gradients | * Selection gradients | ||
- | * From new mutations: fixation probability (Haldane, Kimura, Gomulkiewicz and Kirkpatrick, | ||
* **Evolutionary rescue** | * **Evolutionary rescue** | ||
* from standing variation or new mutations | * from standing variation or new mutations | ||
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* in models with moving optimum | * in models with moving optimum | ||
* critical rates of environmental change | * critical rates of environmental change | ||
+ | * phenotype vs. fitness | ||
== Multivariate models == | == Multivariate models == | ||
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* **What are the effects of multivariate mutation and selection? | * **What are the effects of multivariate mutation and selection? | ||
* G-matrix, M-matrix | * G-matrix, M-matrix | ||
+ | * Evolution of G-matrix | ||
* Genetic line of least resistance | * Genetic line of least resistance | ||
* multivariate constraints | * multivariate constraints | ||
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* **Evolvability** | * **Evolvability** | ||
- | == Plasticity == | + | === Plasticity |
* How to model plasticity? | * How to model plasticity? | ||
* How plastic are organisms? | * How plastic are organisms? | ||
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* Effects of plasticity (trait-mediated indirect effects etc.) | * Effects of plasticity (trait-mediated indirect effects etc.) | ||
* Eco-evolutionary dynamics | * Eco-evolutionary dynamics | ||
+ | * Ecological constraints on adaptation (niche conservatism) | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== List of questions ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Introduction == | ||
+ | * What can theory contribute to the study of adaptation to climate change? | ||
+ | * How to measure (rates of) adaptation? | ||
+ | * What is evolutionary rescue? | ||
+ | * Which modeling approaches have been used? | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | == Genetic adaptation: univariate case == | ||
+ | * Basic scenarios: sudden change and moving optimum, adaptation from quantitative variation or a single major mutation | ||
+ | * How fast can genetic adaptation be? | ||
+ | * What is the genetic basis of adaptation, and how does genetic variation evolve? | ||
+ | * Adaptation in time and space | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Genetic adaptation: multivariate case == | ||
+ | * What are the effects of multivariate selection and genetic correlations? | ||
+ | * How does the G-matrix evolve? | ||
+ | * What determines evolvability? | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Plasticity == | ||
+ | * How can plasticity be modeled? | ||
+ | * How and when does plasticity evolve? | ||
+ | * Does plasticity facilitate genetic adaptation? | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Responses at the community level == | ||
+ | * | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Questions for empiricists ===== | ||
+ | In all cases, the answer may be quantitative, | ||
+ | * Overall questions: | ||
+ | * How fast can adaptation happen? | ||
+ | * Plastic or genetic adaptation? | ||
+ | * Evolutionary rescue? | ||
+ | * How much due to plasticity? (no general answers) | ||
+ | * Adaptation from standing variation or new mutations? | ||
+ | * Small or large mutations? | ||
+ | * How much standing genetic variation? | ||
+ | * What happens to genetic variance during adaptation? | ||
+ | * What constrains adaptation? | ||
+ | * What determined evolvability? | ||
+ | * Maximal rate of genetic adaptation? | ||
+ | * Evolutionary rescue due to genetic adaptation? | ||
+ | * How much plasticity? | ||
+ | * Will plasticity evolve? | ||
+ | * Can plasticity enhance genetic adaptation? | ||
+ | * Evolutionary rescue with plasticity? | ||
+ | * What happens at the community level? | ||
+ | |||
===== Questions in Barrett and Hendry (2012) ===== | ===== Questions in Barrett and Hendry (2012) ===== |