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adaptation_to_climate_change [2013/02/25 16:43] – [What is the genetic basis of adaptation?] mkoppadaptation_to_climate_change [2019/03/21 10:21] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 ====== Review on genetic vs. plastic adaptation to climate change ====== ====== Review on genetic vs. plastic adaptation to climate change ======
  
-[[Snippets]]+  * [[Snippets]] 
 +  * [[Topics and papers to include]] 
  
 ===== Possible structure (potentially as list of questions) ===== ===== Possible structure (potentially as list of questions) =====
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     * Suggest measures and scalings     * Suggest measures and scalings
   * **What theory cannot do**   * **What theory cannot do**
-    * Predict the ratio of genetic vs. genetic responses+    * Predict the ratio of genetic vs. plastic responses
     * Make exact quantitative predictions      * Make exact quantitative predictions 
   * **Scope of this paper**   * **Scope of this paper**
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     * stochastic fluctuations     * stochastic fluctuations
     * increased variability     * increased variability
 +    * range shifts????
 +
  
-=== Genetic adaptation === 
  
 == What is the genetic basis of adaptation? == == What is the genetic basis of adaptation? ==
-    * Standing variation vs. new mutations +  * Standing variation vs. new mutations 
-    * Small or large mutation   +  * Small or large mutation    
 +  * How does the genetic basis affect adaptation? 
 +(Difficult to discuss details here; maybe just use as announcement, or combine with modeling approaches)
  
 +== Basic models ==
 +  * Sudden change, quantitative genetic
 +  * Sudden change, major locus
 +  * linearly moving optimum, quantitative genetic
 +  * linearly moving optimum, major locus
 == Univariate models == == Univariate models ==
    
   * **Rate of adaptation**   * **Rate of adaptation**
 +    * From new mutations: fixation probability (Haldane, Kimura, Gomulkiewicz and Kirkpatrick, Orr and Uncless, Uecker and Hermisson)
     * From standing variation (quantitative genetic models): Lande's equation     * From standing variation (quantitative genetic models): Lande's equation
-      * Additive genetic variance (under mutation-selection balance and during evolution)+      * Additive genetic variance (under mutation-selection balance and during evolution); when will additive variance be exhausted?
       * Selection gradients       * Selection gradients
-    * From new mutations: fixation probability (Haldane, Kimura, Gomulkiewicz and Kirkpatrick, Orr and Uncless, Uecker and Hermisson) 
   * **Evolutionary rescue**   * **Evolutionary rescue**
     * from standing variation or new mutations     * from standing variation or new mutations
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     * in models with moving optimum     * in models with moving optimum
     * critical rates of environmental change     * critical rates of environmental change
 +  * phenotype vs. fitness
        
 == Multivariate models == == Multivariate models ==
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   * **What are the effects of multivariate mutation and selection?**   * **What are the effects of multivariate mutation and selection?**
     * G-matrix, M-matrix     * G-matrix, M-matrix
 +    * Evolution of G-matrix
     * Genetic line of least resistance     * Genetic line of least resistance
     * multivariate constraints     * multivariate constraints
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   * **Evolvability**   * **Evolvability**
  
-== Plasticity ==+=== Plasticity ===
   * How to model plasticity?   * How to model plasticity?
   * How plastic are organisms?   * How plastic are organisms?
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     * Effects of plasticity (trait-mediated indirect effects etc.)     * Effects of plasticity (trait-mediated indirect effects etc.)
     * Eco-evolutionary dynamics     * Eco-evolutionary dynamics
 +    * Ecological constraints on adaptation (niche conservatism)
 +
 +===== List of questions =====
 +
 +== Introduction ==
 +  * What can theory contribute to the study of adaptation to climate change?
 +  * How to measure (rates of) adaptation?
 +  * What is evolutionary rescue?
 +  * Which modeling approaches have been used?
 +
 +
 +== Genetic adaptation: univariate case ==
 +  * Basic scenarios: sudden change and moving optimum, adaptation from quantitative variation or a single major mutation
 +  * How fast can genetic adaptation be?
 +  * What is the genetic basis of adaptation, and how does genetic variation evolve?
 +  * Adaptation in time and space
 +
 +== Genetic adaptation: multivariate case ==
 +  * What are the effects of multivariate selection and genetic correlations?
 +  * How does the G-matrix evolve?
 +  * What determines evolvability?
 +
 +== Plasticity ==
 +  * How can plasticity be modeled?
 +  * How and when does plasticity evolve?
 +  * Does plasticity facilitate genetic adaptation?
 +
 +== Responses at the community level ==
 +  *
 +
 +===== Questions for empiricists =====
 +In all cases, the answer may be quantitative, or may contain a list of factors that influence the result.
 +  * Overall questions: 
 +    * How fast can adaptation happen?
 +    * Plastic or genetic adaptation?
 +    * Evolutionary rescue?
 +  * How much due to plasticity? (no general answers)
 +  * Adaptation from standing variation or new mutations?
 +  * Small or large mutations?
 +  * How much standing genetic variation?
 +  * What happens to genetic variance during adaptation?
 +  * What constrains adaptation?
 +  * What determined evolvability?
 +  * Maximal rate of genetic adaptation?
 +  * Evolutionary rescue due to genetic adaptation?
 +  * How much plasticity?
 +  * Will plasticity evolve?
 +  * Can plasticity enhance genetic adaptation?
 +  * Evolutionary rescue with plasticity?
 +  * What happens at the community level?
 +
  
 ===== Questions in Barrett and Hendry (2012) ===== ===== Questions in Barrett and Hendry (2012) =====